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1.1 These tolerances are applicable to all yarns spun on the woolen system and composed of any fiber or mixture of fibers, even though there might not be any wool present in the yarn.NOTE 1: For tolerances for other spun yarns, see Tolerances D2645 .1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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4.1 The absorption coefficient of polyolefin polymer pigmented with carbon black is useful to judge the degree and uniformity of dispersion of the pigment, and the adequacy of the quantitative level of pigment addition. These factors are used to predict the performance of the polymer material in response to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light as evidenced by minimal changes in specific properties.NOTE 1: This test method was developed to evaluate ethylene polymer materials pigmented with small particle size carbon blacks suitable for UV protection. It is not known how accurate and reproducible the test would be with larger (35 nm or greater) particle size blacks. However, for larger particle sizes of carbon black, such as furnace black at 275 nm, when there is at least 5 or higher percent of carbon black, the material pigmented as such has suitable UV protection.1.1 This test method measures the amount of light transmitted through a film of carbon black pigmented ethylene polymer.1.2 After calculation of the amount of light and film thickness, an absorption coefficient is calculated.1.3 Whenever two sets of values are presented, in different units, the values in the first set are the standard, while those in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification covers the tests and values for electrical insulating varnishes, as supplied, which are suitable for the impregnation and treatment of electrical coils and windings applied by dip process. The varnishes are classified according to grades: Grade DA; Grade DO; Grade DM; Grade DS; Grade DW; and Grade DT. This specification covers both flexible and rigid, solvent and solventless insulating varnishes. The insulating varnishes are classified according to thermal classes: Class 130; Class 155; Class 180; Class 200; and Class 220. Quality conformance tests shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements.1.1 This specification covers the tests and values for electrical insulating varnishes, as supplied, which are suitable for the impregnation and treatment of electrical coils and windings applied by dip process.1.2 Varnishes, flexible or rigid, included in this specification are:Grade DA—Air-dryGrade DO—Organic solvent containing, baking,Grade DM—Reactive diluent containing,Grade DS—Silicone,Grade DW—Water containing, andGrade DT—Thixotropic.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.NOTE 1: This specification resembles IEC 60455 in title only. The content is significantly different.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, woven fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this performance specification.5.2 It is recognized that where more critical requirements call for higher performance levels, for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. One or more of the requirements may be modified by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4232 except for the following characteristic(s).”5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of fabric.5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.1.1 This performance specification covers the performance requirements for woven fabrics for career apparel: dress and vocational.1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to career apparel fabrics that do not patently fit the category of Career Dress Apparel. Performance specifications for such fabrics should be as agreed to between the purchaser and the seller. This performance specification is not applicable to overcoat or topcoat uniform fabrics.1.3 These requirements apply to both the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 The electrical conductivity of concrete is primarily influenced by the presence of moisture. Other factors, which affect the electrical continuity of concrete structures, include the following:5.1.1 Presence of metal rebars,5.1.2 Cement content and type,5.1.3 Aggregate types,5.1.4 Admixtures,5.1.5 Porosity within the concrete,5.1.6 Above or below grade elevation,5.1.7 Indoor or outdoor location,5.1.8 Temperature and humidity, and5.1.9 Age of concrete.5.2 The electrical conductivity of concrete itself may be successfully used for high-voltage continuity testing of linings applied directly with no specific conductive underlayment installed. However, the voltage required to find a discontinuity may vary greatly from point to point on the structure. This variance may reduce the test reliability.5.3 Although the most common conductive underlayments are liquid primers applied by trowel, roller, or spray, and which contain carbon or graphite fillers, others may take the form of the following:5.3.1 Sheet-applied graphite veils,5.3.2 Conductive polymers,5.3.3 Conductive graphite fibers,5.3.4 Conductive metallic fibers, and5.3.5 Conductive metallic screening.5.4 Liquid-applied conductive underlayments may be desirable as they can serve to address imperfections in the concrete surface and provide a better base for which to apply the lining.5.5 This practice is intended for use only with new linings applied to concrete substrates. Inspecting a lining previously exposed to an immersion condition could result in damaging the lining or produce an erroneous detection of discontinuities due to permeation or moisture absorption of the lining. Deposits may also be present on the surface causing telegraphing. The use of a high voltage tester on a previously exposed lining is not recommended because of possible spark through which will damage an otherwise sound lining. A low voltage tester can be used but could produce erroneous readings.5.6 The user may consider this practice when performance requirements of the lining in a specified chemical environment require assurance of a lining free of discontinuities.5.7 Factors affecting the dielectric properties and test voltage shall be considered. Some factors are the curing time of liquid-applied linings; the possible presence of electrically conductive fillers or solvents, or both; the possible presence of air inclusions or voids; and the compatibility of conductive underlayments with the specified lining.5.8 A pulsed dc high voltage may cause a lining to breakdown at a lower voltage than would be the case for a continuous dc voltage.1.1 This practice covers procedures that may be used to allow the detection of discontinuities in nonconductive linings or other non-conductive coatings applied to concrete substrates.1.2 Discontinuities may include pinholes, internal voids, holidays, cracks, and conductive inclusions.1.3 This practice describes detection of discontinuities utilizing a high voltage spark tester using either pulsed or continuous dc voltage.NOTE 1: For further information on discontinuity testing refer to NACE Standard SP0188-2006 or Practice D5162.1.4 This practice describes procedures both with and without the use of a conductive underlayment.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries for the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density of waste.5.2 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density determined by this test method can be used for the conversion of measured volumes to weights.5.3 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the character of the waste.1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in a waste sample. For the purpose of this test method, the property to be measured is classified into three groups based on material type:1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders, and water-reactive liquids, solids, or sludges; bulk density (BD), and1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper, or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a screening test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane identified as "cyclohexane 999." The material shall conform to the required purity, benzene content, n-hexane content, methylcyclohexane content, methylcyclopentane content, sulfur content, appearance, color, and distillation range.1.1 This specification covers a grade of cyclohexane identified as “cyclohexane 999.”1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.3 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 Adhesives are classified as dry use or wet use. Each classification includes consideration of short-term in-transit exposure conditions at elevated temperatures up to 220°F (104°C).5.2 The initial development of Specification D3110 was based on finger-joint assemblies made under controlled laboratory conditions. In the development of this revised specification the results obtained with laboratory-made specimens (see 12.1.2) were compared to those obtained with industrially manufactured specimens (see 12.1.1). These finger joints were prepared using previously certified adhesives in cooperation with a manufacturer or equipment supplier who had the necessary finger-joint cutter and assembly equipment. These finger joints may vary in geometry and length from manufacturer to manufacturer, and this variation could affect the performance of the bonded-finger-joint assembly.5 (See 12.1, 12.4, and 12.5.) Fig. 3 depicts a sample finger-joint configuration.5.2.1 When changes are made in the design of the industrially manufactured finger joint, the new design should be compared to a control design that has been used successfully.5.3 An industrially manufactured finger joint should be evaluated using the requirements for compliance with this specification, in accordance with 4.1. When this specification is used to evaluate specimens made from field-manufactured assemblies, the results may not compare favorably with those run on specimens made from laboratory-made assemblies.5.4 Test requirements are provided to determine if the adhesive is suitable for dry use or wet use.5.5 The dry test and exposure conditions and treatments are to evaluate adhesives used in nonstructural finger joints for typical service conditions.5.5.1 The 220°F (104°C) test, a more severe test, is designed to evaluate the product after exposure to short-term elevated-temperature conditions. This test is intended to simulate conditions that might be experienced in transit, further processing, or in-service conditions.NOTE 4: These typical service conditions could include stress and time under stress, as well as elevated temperature.5.6 Procedures are described in sufficient detail to permit duplication in different testing laboratories.5.6.1 Record any deviations in these procedures on the report forms, Appendix X1, as it may have an impact on the results obtained. Test data are only valid for the length and design used. (See 12.4.)5.7 To avoid potential problems that would be caused by interrupting the bonding process, the adhesive-performance level should be determined by the finger-joint manufacturer prior to handling and early shipment. Before beginning the full testing process, the testing laboratory should pull a representative sample and check the dry strength first, in order to ensure that the product basically conforms with the performance level certified by the adhesive manufacturer.AbstractThis specification establishes the performance levels for adhesives to be used in finger joints in nonstructural bonded-lumber products. Such products include, but are not limited to, interior and exterior mouldings, window and door components or parts, and bonded-lumber panels. The apparatus shall consist of environmental chamber for moist-heat aging, oven with sufficient air circulation to remove moisture from the chamber, tanks for soaking and boiling, testing machines for the flexure and tension specimens, and vacuum-pressure vessel. Tests shall be conducted such as dry, soak, elevated-temperature, and temperature-humidity tests for dry-use classification and dry, boil, elevated-temperature, and vacuum-pressure tests for the wet-use classification. The adhesives shall be tested for performance which shall meet the following requirements: moisture content; specific gravities of wood species; tensile strength; wood failure for soft and hard woods; and rupture modulus.1.1 This specification establishes performance levels for adhesives to be used in finger joints in nonstructural bonded-lumber products. Such products include, but are not limited to, interior and exterior mouldings, window and door components or parts, and bonded-lumber panels. Adhesives that meet the requirements of the various performance classes are considered capable of providing an adequate bond for use under the conditions described for the class. This specification is to be used to evaluate adhesives as well as the adhesive bonds in the finger joints. See Section 5, , for limitations when using this specification to evaluate industrially manufactured finger joints.NOTE 1: This specification supersedes the finger-joint portion of the 1990 edition of Specification D3110.1.2 The following index is provided as a guide to the test methods in this specification: SectionApparatus 6Equipment, Material, and Preparation of Assemblies and Specimens 7Conditioning for Factory-Manufactured Assemblies, Laboratory-Made Assemblies, and Test Specimens 8Testing in Flexure 9Testing in Tension 10Exposure Conditions and Treatments 11 1. Dry Use Tests: Dry, 3-cycle Soak, Elevated Temperature, and Temperature-Humidity 11.1 2. Wet Use Tests: Dry, Boil, Elevated Temperature, and Vacuum-Pressure 11.2NOTE 2: The conditioning needed for various stages in the preparation of both types of specimens and for the exposure tests are given.NOTE 3: Specific guidelines for specimen size, exposure conditions, testing, calculation, and reporting are given for flexure specimens in Sections 9 and 11, and for tension specimens in Sections 10 and 11.1.3 For the definitions of dry use and wet use, see 3.2.1.1 and 3.2.1.2.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the apparatus and test methods portions, Sections 6 – 11 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification covers the requirements and test methods for the material, dimensions, workmanship, and properties of extruded, compression molded, and injection molded acetal shapes such as sheet, plate, rod, and tubular bar. The specimens shall be a pure polyoxymethylene or may filled, lubricated, or reinforced with carbon and graphite fiber, glass, PTFE, graphite, silicone, molybdenum disulfide, mineral, combinations of reinforcements or fillers, or both. The products shall conform to the physical property requirements which include tensile strength, elongation at break, tensile modulus, dimensional stability, flexural modulus, Izod impact, and porosity level. Thickness tolerance, length camber, and width bow properties shall also comply with the dimensional requirements of the different acetal shapes.1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for the material, dimensions, and workmanship, and the properties of extruded, compression molded and injection molded polyoxymethylene (POM) sheet, plate, rod, and tubular bar shapes, excluding pipe and fittings.1.2 The properties included in this specification are those required for the compositions covered. Section 4 presents a classification system for defining requirements for particular characteristics important to specialized applications.1.3 This specification allows for the use of recycled plastics.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard in all property and dimensional tables. For reference purposes, SI units are included in Table S-POM and Table 1 only.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 Coal contains several elements whose individual mass fractions are generally less than 0.01 %. These elements are commonly and collectively referred to as trace elements. These elements primarily occur as part of the mineral matter in coal. The potential release of certain trace elements from coal combustion sources has become an environmental concern.5.2 The ash prepared in accordance with these provisional test methods quantitatively retains the elements listed in 1.1 and is representative of their mass fractions in the coal or coke.1.1 These test methods pertain to the determination of antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and zinc in coal and coke. These test methods can also be used for the analysis of residues from coal combustion processes. Additionally, there are specific test methods outlined that pertain to the determination of rare earth elements in coal and coal combustion residues.NOTE 1: These test methods may be applicable to the determination of other trace elements.NOTE 2: Rare earth elements are understood to include: cerium, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum, lutetium, neodymium, praseodymium, samarium, scandium, terbium, thulium, ytterbium, and yttrium.1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.2.1 All percentages are percent mass fractions unless otherwise noted.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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